An Investigation of Forced Evictions and the Right to Shelter in Minna, Niger State
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Background of the Study
Forced evictions are a pervasive issue in many parts of the world, especially in developing countries like Nigeria. These evictions often occur without due process, leaving vulnerable populations at risk of homelessness and poverty. In Nigeria, the right to adequate shelter is enshrined in both national and international human rights frameworks, such as the Nigerian Constitution and the International Covenant on Economic, Social, and Cultural Rights (ICESCR). However, the implementation of these rights has been inconsistent, especially at the state and local levels.
In Minna, Niger State, forced evictions have been particularly concerning, with numerous reports of people being forcibly displaced from their homes by both state and non-state actors. These evictions often occur in the context of urban development projects, land grabbing, and conflicts between local authorities and residents. The victims of forced evictions in Minna typically include low-income groups, informal settlers, and vulnerable populations, such as women, children, and the elderly. This study aims to investigate the practice of forced evictions in Minna, focusing on the violation of the right to shelter, and seeks to identify the factors contributing to this issue.
Statement of the Problem
The practice of forced evictions in Minna, Niger State, has become a significant concern for human rights protection, particularly regarding the right to adequate shelter. Despite the legal and constitutional safeguards against forced displacement, many residents in Minna have faced evictions without sufficient notice, compensation, or alternative housing arrangements. This situation disproportionately affects the most vulnerable members of society, leading to the violation of their right to adequate housing. Moreover, the local government's approach to urban planning and development often overlooks the need for consultation and consent from the affected communities.
The lack of legal safeguards and the absence of a proper grievance redress mechanism contribute to the persistence of forced evictions. This study seeks to explore the extent of forced evictions in Minna, the factors driving this phenomenon, and the legal and policy gaps that exacerbate the violation of the right to shelter.
Objectives of the Study
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To assess the prevalence and causes of forced evictions in Minna, Niger State.
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To examine the impact of forced evictions on the right to shelter of affected individuals and communities.
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To evaluate the legal and institutional frameworks in place to protect individuals from forced evictions in Minna.
Research Questions
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How prevalent are forced evictions in Minna, Niger State, and what are the primary causes?
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What impact do forced evictions have on the right to shelter and the overall well-being of affected individuals and communities in Minna?
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How effective are the existing legal and institutional frameworks in protecting the right to shelter and preventing forced evictions in Minna?
Research Hypotheses
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Forced evictions are prevalent in Minna, Niger State, primarily due to urban development projects and land disputes.
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Forced evictions in Minna lead to significant violations of the right to shelter, exacerbating poverty and vulnerability.
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The existing legal and institutional frameworks in Minna are insufficient in preventing forced evictions and protecting the right to shelter.
Scope and Limitations of the Study
This study will focus on the investigation of forced evictions and the right to shelter in Minna, Niger State, and will assess the prevalence, causes, and impacts of forced evictions on affected communities. The study will also analyze the effectiveness of legal and policy frameworks. Limitations include potential challenges in accessing government records and the reluctance of evicted individuals to speak openly about their experiences due to fear of retribution.
Definitions of Terms
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Forced Evictions: The involuntary removal of individuals or communities from their homes or land, often without adequate legal process, compensation, or alternative housing arrangements.
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Right to Shelter: The right of individuals to have access to adequate and secure housing as guaranteed by national and international human rights frameworks.
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Urban Development Projects: Large-scale projects aimed at transforming urban areas, often involving construction, infrastructure development, and land use changes.
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